接口测试中模拟POST四种请求数据的方法介绍

接口测试中模拟POST请求数据的方法有四种，分别是：表单提交、JSON提交、XML提交、文件上传。

表单提交

表单提交是最常见的POST请求数据方式，它将请求参数以表单的形式提交，请求参数的格式为：key1=value1&key2=value2。

//表单提交
Map params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("key1","value1");
params.put("key2","value2");
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.xxx.com");
List list = new ArrayList<>();
for(String key:params.keySet()){
    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key,params.get(key)));
}
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list,"utf-8"));

JSON提交

JSON提交是向服务器发送JSON数据，它将请求参数以JSON的形式提交，请求参数的格式为：{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"}。

//JSON提交
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("key1","value1");
jsonObject.put("key2","value2");
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),"utf-8");
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.xxx.com");
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);

XML提交

XML提交是向服务器发送XML数据，它将请求参数以XML的形式提交，请求参数的格式为：value1value2。

//XML提交
String xml = "value1value2";
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(xml,"utf-8");
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.xxx.com");
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);

文件上传

文件上传是向服务器发送文件，它将请求参数以文件的形式提交，请求参数的格式为：key1=filename1&key2=filename2。

//文件上传
Map params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("key1","filename1");
params.put("key2","filename2");
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.xxx.com");
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
for(String key:params.keySet()){
    File file = new File(params.get(key));
    builder.addBinaryBody(key,file);
}
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(entity);