Android HTTP请求方式HttpClient详细讲解

Android中的HttpClient是一种用于发送和接收HTTP请求的开源库，可以让Android开发者更加方便地实现HTTP请求。HttpClient可以支持很多HTTP功能，包括GET/POST请求、GZip压缩、文件上传、客户端身份验证等。

HttpClient的使用方法

需要在Android项目中导入HttpClient的依赖库，在build.gradle文件中添加：

compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.2'

需要创建HttpClient对象，使用HttpClientBuilder类：

HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();

可以使用HttpClient对象来发送HTTP请求，比如GET请求：

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.example.com");
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

可以使用HttpResponse对象来获取HTTP响应：

int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

HttpClient还支持POST请求、GZip压缩、文件上传、客户端身份验证等功能，使用方法如下：

• POST请求：

  HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.example.com");
  List params = new ArrayList();
  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param1", "value1"));
  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param2", "value2"));
  httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  

• GZip压缩：

  httpGet.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
  InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent();
  GZIPInputStream gzipIs = new GZIPInputStream(is);
  

• 文件上传：

  HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.example.com");
  File file = new File("/path/to/file");
  FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
  MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
  builder.addPart("file", fileBody);
  httpPost.setEntity(builder.build());
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  

• 客户端身份验证：

  HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.example.com");
  String authString = "username:password";
  String encodedAuthString = Base64.encodeBase64String(authString.getBytes());
  httpGet.addHeader("Authorization", "Basic " + encodedAuthString);
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);