PostgreSQL和MySQL是两种不同的关系型数据库管理系统,它们的语句也有所不同。
PostgreSQL的语句主要包括:SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,ALTER,DROP,GRANT,REVOKE,COMMENT,TRUNCATE等等。
MySQL的语句主要包括:SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,ALTER,DROP,GRANT,REVOKE,COMMENT,TRUNCATE,EXPLAIN,SHOW,DESCRIBE,RENAME,SET等等。
从语句上来看,PostgreSQL和MySQL的主要区别在于MySQL增加了EXPLAIN,SHOW,DESCRIBE,RENAME,SET等语句。
PostgreSQL的语句用法:
- SELECT:用于检索数据,语法为:SELECT [columns] FROM [table] [WHERE condition] [ORDER BY column] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
- INSERT:用于向表中插入数据,语法为:INSERT INTO [table] ([column1], [column2], ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...)
- UPDATE:用于更新表中的数据,语法为:UPDATE [table] SET [column1] = value1, [column2] = value2, ... [WHERE condition]
- DELETE:用于从表中删除数据,语法为:DELETE FROM [table] [WHERE condition]
- CREATE:用于创建表,语法为:CREATE TABLE [table] ([column1] data_type, [column2] data_type, ...) [WITH (table_options)]
- ALTER:用于修改表结构,语法为:ALTER TABLE [table] [ADD | ALTER | DROP] [column] [data_type] [column_options]
- DROP:用于删除表,语法为:DROP TABLE [table]
- GRANT:用于授予权限,语法为:GRANT [privilege] ON [table] TO [user] [WITH GRANT OPTION]
- REVOKE:用于撤销权限,语法为:REVOKE [privilege] ON [table] FROM [user]
- COMMENT:用于添加注释,语法为:COMMENT ON [table] IS 'comment'
- TRUNCATE:用于清空表,语法为:TRUNCATE TABLE [table]
MySQL的语句用法:
- SELECT:用于检索数据,语法为:SELECT [columns] FROM [table] [WHERE condition] [ORDER BY column] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
- INSERT:用于向表中插入数据,语法为:INSERT INTO [table] ([column1], [column2], ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...)
- UPDATE:用于更新表中的数据,语法为:UPDATE [table] SET [column1] = value1, [column2] = value2, ... [WHERE condition]
- DELETE:用于从表中删除数据,语法为:DELETE FROM [table] [WHERE condition]
- CREATE:用于创建表,语法为:CREATE TABLE [table] ([column1] data_type, [column2] data_type, ...) [WITH (table_options)]
- ALTER:用于修改表结构,语法为:ALTER TABLE [table] [ADD | ALTER | DROP] [column] [data_type] [column_options]
- DROP:用于删除表,语法为:DROP TABLE [table]
- GRANT:用于授予权限,语法为:GRANT [privilege] ON [table] TO [user] [WITH GRANT OPTION]
- REVOKE:用于撤销权限,语法为:REVOKE [privilege] ON [table] FROM [user]
- COMMENT:用于添加注释,语法为:COMMENT ON [table] IS 'comment'
- TRUNCATE:用于清空表,语法为:TRUNCATE TABLE [table]
- EXPLAIN:用于查看查询的执行计划,语法为:EXPLAIN [SELECT query]
- SHOW:用于显示数据库、表、索引等信息,语法为:SHOW [table] [columns]
- DESCRIBE:用于显示表结构,语法为:DESCRIBE [table]
- RENAME:用于重命名表,语法为:RENAME TABLE [old_table] TO [new_table]
- SET:用于设置变量,语法为:SET [variable] = [value]
从上面可以看出,PostgreSQL和MySQL的语句有所不同,其中MySQL增加了EXPLAIN,SHOW,DES